翻阅passage38长难句型：

    For the last two years, many of the best and brightest men in my business have been pleading guilty to illegal acts and marching off to jail. Successful, wealthy, intelligent men turned out to be greedy, arrogant and corrupt.

    Why? Because, as much as anything else this situation underlines one of the realities of the so-called service society. 1)Whereas making things, and the activities related to products, were the main preoccupation of prior generations, making money, and the activities related to money, are the driving forces of our society today.

    To be wealthy is not sinful; nor is poverty a virtue. But the pursuit of wealth and power is so pervasive today as to create something that may be entirely new in America — namely, a money culture. When such a culture grows side by side with extreme poverty, it is potentially dangerous.

    A recent article indicated that business schools were going to encourage the study of ethics as part of the curriculum. If graduate schools have to discover ethics, then we are truly in serious trouble.

    2)I no more believe that ethics can be taught past the age of 16 than I believe in the teaching of so-called creative writing. There are some things that you are born with, or they are taught by your parents, your priest or your grade-school teacher. But not in college or in graduate school.

    The issue of ethics, both in business and in politics, takes on a sharper focus in the money culture of a service economy than in our earlier, industrial days. One of society's main economic activities consists in the buying and selling of stocks, bonds, commodities, real estate, insurance, mutual funds and foreign exchange. Commerce has become depersonalized, carried on by individuals located in rooms, talking into telephones and looking at computer screens, thousands of miles removed from each other. There is no discipline applied to the activity other than its ability to generate profit. Movements of capital and the paper economy related to it is the result of all economic activities.

    3)For the businessmen and the politicians who function in such an environment, virtually the only discipline that can be applied is ethical. Financial scandals are not new, nor is political corruption. However, the potential profits, and the easy with which they can be made from insider trading, market manipulation, conflict-of-interest transactions and many other illegal or unethical activities are too great and too pervasive to be ignored. At the same time, those institutions that historically provided the ethical basis to the society — the family, the church and the primary school — are getting weaker and weaker. Hence, our dilemma.

[FS:PAGE]    过去两年里，我这一行里许多最优秀最聪明的人违法犯罪步入牢狱。成功的，富有的，聪明的人居然变得贪婪、咄咄逼人而且腐败。

    为什么?因为，和所有其他事物一样，这种情形凸显了这个所谓服务型社会的现实。我们的前辈，主要忙着生产东西，从事与生产相关的活动。现如今，我们主要忙着赚钱和与钱有关的事情。

    有钱是无罪的;贫穷也不是美德。但是今天财富与权力却成了我们的主要追求，以致于创造出了对美国来说可能是全新的东西---谓之金钱文化。这种文化与赤贫相伴而生时是具有潜在危险的。

    最近的一篇文章表明商业学校准备将道德学习作为课程的一部分。如果研究生院要去发现道德，那我们就真的有麻烦了。

    我不再相信16岁以后的人可以授之道德，就跟我不相信所谓的创造性写作可以教一样。有些东西是你与生俱来的，或者是你父母、神父或小学老师教的。但不可能是在大学或研究生院中学到的。

    在如今服务型经济的金钱文化中，道德的问题，无论商业上还是政治上，都比我们早先的工业时代更加突出。社会的主要经济活动之一在于买卖股票、债券、商品、地产、保险、共有基金以及外汇。商业已经失去个性，由个体在各自的房间里对着电话，看着电脑屏幕，与千里之外的人进行交易。没有规则，只有利益最大化。资本的流动以及与此相关的纸质经济是所有经济活动的归宿。

    对在这种环境中运转的商人和政客来说，唯一能应用的规则就是道德。金融丑闻已不新鲜，政治腐败更是如此。然而，潜在的利益，以及内幕交易带来利益的便捷、市场操纵、违背公众利益的交易以及其他许多非法的不道德的活动太猖獗太普遍，不能视若无睹。同时，那些一直以来为社会提供道德基础的地方----家庭、教堂和小学却越来越弱。这是我们的困境。